Resumen
<p>Objetivo. Estudiar y describir la relación entre la oclusión de la vena central de la retina y el glaucoma neovascular, su etiología, epidemiología, fisiopatología, factores de riesgo, presentación clínica y tratamientos. Metodología. Revisión de la literatura acerca del glaucoma neovascular secundario a oclusión de la vena central de la retina, tomando artículos comprendidos entre 2014 y 2022, con criterios de exclusión artículos de series de casos. Resultados. El glaucoma neovascular (GNV) es una afectación patológica ocular, secundaria a una afección ocular y/o sistémica hipóxica que conduce a isquemia retiniana, dentro de las etiologías más comunes (33 %) se encuentra la oclusión de la vena central de la retina (OVCR) una retinopatía vascular común que puede presentarse como isquémica o no isquémica. Discusión de resultados. La OVCR ocurre secundariamente a cambios estructurales glaucomatosos o coexiste con la anormalidad hemodinámica de la retina, esta es mediada por procesos inflamatorios como consecuencia de la isquemia retiniana y la hemorragia, lo cual aumenta la expresión de factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular (VEGF) y otros factores inflamatorios en el ojo, que pueden llevar a GNV. Conclusiones. El GNV es una patología con una presentación clínica severa, se asocia de forma directa con la OVCR y tiene múltiples opciones de tratamientos.</p>Referencias
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Palabras clave
Neovascular
oclusión
arteria
retinal