A Case Report of Ocular Toxoplasmosis Associated with Chagas Disease and Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is one of the most frequent clinical manifestations of toxoplasmosis infection. Likewise, another relatively common chronic parasitic condition in Colombia is Chagas disease (CD). At present, there is little information about patients living with CD and other chronic parasitic conditions such as toxoplasmosis; therefore, this report aims to present a case of OC in a patient with chronic CD. Clinical case: A patient recently diagnosed with CD, chronic phase with cardiac involvement, consulted for decreased visual acuity accompanied by placoid chorioretinitis in the macula with an active retinitis zone adjacent to the placoid chorioretinitis. 2+ vitreous cells were present with a headlight in the fog sign. Anterior chamber cells were 1+. As serology (IgM, IgG) for toxoplasmosis was positive, OT was diagnosed. With this diagnosis, treatment was started with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, and prednisone, after which the lesion resolved, leaving an atrophic scar. Visual acuity improved. During 24 months of follow-up, no recurrences were observed. The patient continued clinical follow-up for CD. Conclusion: The clinical features of this patient appear to be similar to those without this coinfection. It also shows several commonly encountered features of OC and the resolution of symptoms using a relatively standard therapy.