Resumen
<p>El propósito del estudio fue describir la evolución de las adaptaciones de los lentes de contacto (LC) durante un largo periodo de tiempo, y determinar los factores responsables de los cambios en las adaptaciones. Se recogieron datos (tipo de LC, tiempo de uso, agudeza visual, síntomas y signos) de los usuarios de LC que acudieron a una consulta española entre 2010 y 2020. El perfil de los sujetos fue comparado entre 2010 y 2020. Las características de las LC se compararon entre los tipos, reemplazos y diseños de las LC. Finalmente, se evaluaron los factores predisponentes al cambio de LC. Se incluyeron 74 usuarios de LC (28 hombres y 46 mujeres) de 39,0 ± 9,1 años. Las adaptaciones de hidrogel de silicona (p = 0,01) y reemplazo diario (p < 0,001) aumentaron durante el periodo de seguimiento. Las principales razones por las que se cambiaron las adaptaciones fueron la aparición o el aumento de signos clínicos o de síntomas. Hubo diferencias en el tiempo de uso de las LC y la agudeza visual entre los distintos tipos y reemplazos de LC (p ≤ 0,02). Las LC rígidas y de reemplazo convencional se asociaron con una menor probabilidad de cambios en las adaptaciones (p ≤ 0,03). En conclusión, la realización de exploraciones de seguimiento adecuadas de los usuarios de LC puede evitar la aparición de signos y síntomas a largo plazo. Los usuarios de LC de hidrogel y reemplazo frecuente tienen más probabilidad de requerir cambios en la adaptación de sus LC frente a los usuarios de LC rígidas y reemplazo convencional.</p>Referencias
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Palabras clave
signos
síntomas
uso prolongado