Acute angle-closure glaucoma: emergency management by the optometrist

Abstract

There is a clinical presentation of closed-angle or acute glaucoma with pain symptoms and rapid course, which has great potential for detection and timely treatment. This condition is caused by excessive influx between the iris and the lens that prevents the flow of aqueous humor from the posterior to the anterior chamber with progressive relative pupillary block, occluding the filtering portion of the trabecular meshwork and causing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). The urgency is manifested by strong eye pain and decreased visual acuity, which can be adequately managed by the optometrist, in order to make a timely referral to ophthalmology, as the consequences of the progression of the disease, or an incorrect diagnosis, are irreversible in terms of loss of visual acuity and visual field, which considerably affects the quality of life of individuals. <em><strong>Objective:</strong></em> To present clinical parameters in order to identify, diagnose and manage the urgency of angle closure with a timely referral for eye treatment. Methodology: Literature review through literature search. <em><strong>Results:</strong></em> A management guide for the optometrist is presented with primary treatment for the ocular emergency caused by closed-angle glaucoma.