Antimicrobial resistance profile of bacteria isolated from infections and ocular microbiota

Abstract

<em><strong>Introduction:</strong></em> the increase in strains resistant to antimicrobials in recent years may be due to their indiscriminate and excessive use. The World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted global surveillance of antimicrobial resistance; however, the biggest limitation is a lack of reliable data in some countries. Studies such as the Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) (2009 and 2013) and the Tracking Resistance in the United States Today (TRUST) report that the most prevalent microorganism in infections worldwide is <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, with a high percentage of Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA), which are of great importance for public health due to their high resistance to antimicrobials.<em><strong>Objetive:</strong></em> To identify the main antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from infections or from ocular microbiota.<em><strong>Methods:</strong></em> A systematic review of literature in EBSCOhost databases: Academic Search, Medline, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed, and Google Academics, with keywords such as ocular, antimicrobial, and resistance, between 2010 and 2017.<em><strong>Results:</strong> </em>30 articles on antimicrobial resistance from the last seven years were analyzed. In most countries, the genus <em>Staphylococcus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>, 45%, NEC, 37%), <em>Pseudomonas</em> (8%) and <em>Streptococcus</em> (7%) were predominant. The lowest percentages were <em>Corynebacterium</em> (2%) and <em>Klebsiella</em> (1%).<strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong> Most of the ocular isolates reported in the global context show resistance to beta-lactams. Increased resistance to these antibiotics implies a serious therapeutic problem in the hospital setting.